The presence of contradictory data in the study of genetic determination of arterial hypertension in diabetes mellitus can be explained by differences in the selection criteria and the formation of comparison groups, which to varying degrees take into account the influence of non-genetic factors, national characteristics, but mainly a multifactorial, complex mechanism of arterial hypertension. Apparently, in different populations, the contribution of certain components of the renin-angiotensin system to the propensity to develop arterial hypertension and its complications in diabetes mellitus is different.
Thus, the studies performed do not exclude the role of the polymorphism of individual genes (mainly genes encoding the main elements of the angiotensin cascade) in the development of arterial hypertension. However, the most likely is the polygenic nature of these states. The reliable significance of gene polymorphism (genes for renin, angiotensinogen, ACE, angiotensin I receptor, adductin, synthetase, nitrogen oxide) in the formation of arterial hypertension is currently not established. At the same time, identifying the relationship of gene polymorphism with manifestations of arterial hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus could contribute to solving the problem of forming risk groups and implementing among these groups of preventive measures, as well as better understanding the pathogenesis of these two conditions, and thereforepossible improvement in medical treatment.