When hypothyroidism develops atrophy and edema of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, as well as reduced motor function of the gastrointestinal tract. Clinically, this is manifested by chronic gastritis (loss of appetite, a
Category: Hormones
Hormones are biologically active substances of organic nature, produced in specialized cells of the glands of internal secretion, entering the blood that bind to receptors of target cells and exert a regulatory influence on metabolism and physiological functions.
Endocrine glands
Hypothyroidism patients often show signs of damage to many endocrine glands. There is a decrease in the functional reserves of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system. Characterized by a decrease in the formation of cortisol and a decrease in
event_note
Hypothyroid coma
Hypothyroid coma is an extremely severe manifestation of hypothyroidism, characterized by the most acute exacerbation of all symptoms of the disease and loss of consciousness. The main reasons leading to the development of hypothyroid coma:
event_note
Regulation of water-salt metabolism
Maintaining the tone of the extracellular fluid in a very narrow range is extremely important for the full function of the cells of the body. Extracellular osmolarity regulates both the shape of the cell and
event_note
Osmoreceptor system
About ne of the most important factors in the regulation of secretion of vasopressin is the plasma osmolality. Osmoreceptors located in the hypothalamus are extremely sensitive to changes in plasma osmolarity. Increasing its level by only
event_note
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
In addition to the mechanisms of the osmotic sensor and effector, water-salt metabolism in the human body is regulated by the mechanisms of the volumetric sensor and effector, the main of which is the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
event_note
Neurosurgical interventions
One of the most common causes of central diabetes insipidus in children is the neurosurgical destruction of vasopressin neurons after surgery on the hypothalamic-pituitary area. It is important to distinguish polyuria associated with postoperative central
event_note
Infiltrative, autoimmune and infectious diseases
Histiocytosis of Langerhans cells and lymphocytic hypophysitis are the most common infiltrative diseases causing diabetes insipidus. About 10% of patients with histocytosis have diabetes insipidus diabetes, and polyuria may precede the detection of intracranial damage
event_note
close
Histiocytosis of Langerhans cells and lymphocytic hypophysitis are the most common infiltrative diseases causing diabetes insipidus. About 10% of patients with histocytosis have diabetes insipidus diabetes, and polyuria may precede the detection of intracranial damage
folder_open Hormones
Read more
Congenital anatomical defects
Anatomical defects of the midbrain, such as septo-optical dysplasia with the agenesis of the corpus callosum, holoprocephalus, etc., may be associated with central diabetes insipidus. These patients do not always have external signs of cranial-anomalies. Primary
event_note
Clinical manifestation
In newborns and infants, the clinical picture of diabetes insipidus is significantly different from that in adults, and difficult enough to diagnose. These patients cannot express a desire for increased fluid intake, and if the
event_note