Obesity is a disease of the body, characterized by
fat accumulation in subcutaneous tissue and tissue
due to metabolic disorders. Obesity may be
independent disease (normal or true – alimentar
common obesity, constitutional hereditary obesity) or
act as a symptom of the diseases most often caused
is a dysfunction of the endocrine glands or a lesion
CNS. Normal obesity is very common. Among women
the frequency of obesity reaches 5 0%, in men – 30%, and in children –
10% (R. Simonchikh). After 70 years of age, usually
There is a decrease in average body weight.
Historical data. For the first time, clinical nutritional issues were
outlined by Hippocrates in a special book “Dietetics” for another 23 hundred
Anniversary to our time. The problem of obesity and its treatment
The works of Diokles (IV century BC.), Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
(more than 1000 years ago), Galé, Falt, Noorden, etc.
Etiology. According to V. G. Baranov, primary and primary meaning
in the development of common obesity has inferiority centers
hypothalamus, regulating appetite. To the factors that contribute
development of common obesity are primarily
excessive consumption of food, especially rich in carbohydrates and
fat, alcohol abuse, inadequate
physical activity, age over 40, hereditary
predisposition to | obesity. Symptomatic obesity
develops most often due to endocrine diseases
(adiposogenital dystrophy, Cushing’s syndrome, hypothyroidism,
hyperinsulinism, hypogonadism) or pathological processes
in the central nervous system (brain injury, encephalitis, bottom III tumors
brain ventricle, etc.).