early cardiovascular disease. It is believed that it is visceral obesity that is especially dangerous for the occurrence of the above conditions. Although body mass index (BMI) is a relatively reliable criterion for determining the magnitude of the risk of high blood pressure (BP), especially systolic, but the visceral distribution of fat is much stronger risk factor for the development of hypertension. The strongest independent risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases characteristic of visceral obesity are hyperinsulinemia and lipid metabolism.
Classification of arterial hypertension
In the general population, the share of primary (essential) hypertension is 85-90%, the share of secondary hypertension associated with bilateral lesion of the renal parenchyma is 5-10%, and only 1-2% of cases are due to a potentially incurable condition.
According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), normal blood pressure should be considered not higher than 140/90 mm Hg. Art. However, in young patients with diabetes mellitus, the criteria for blood pressure indicators are stricter, within 135/80 mm Hg. Art., especially with the appearance of microalbuminuria or initial changes in the fundus. Analysis of cardiovascular lesions showed that the level and stability of blood pressure are of particular importance for the prevention of cardiovascular complications. These criteria are reflected in the classification of blood pressure for adults, recommended in 1999 by WHO and the International Society of Arterial Hypertension (ISH) (Table 2). Diagnosis of hypertension and today is based on the classification taking into account the
Distal and organ lesions based on the teachings of G. F. Lang and A. P. Myasnikov, who made an invaluable contribution to the problem of arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis.