Anatomical defects of the midbrain, such as septo-optical dysplasia with the agenesis of the corpus callosum, holoprocephalus, etc., may be associated with central diabetes insipidus. These patients do not always have external signs of cranial-anomalies. Primary

In newborns and infants, the clinical picture of diabetes insipidus is significantly different from that in adults, and difficult enough to diagnose. These patients cannot express a desire for increased fluid intake, and if the

If all the history and clinical status data indicate the presence of pathological polyuria / polydipsia, the following blood and urine parameters should be investigated on an outpatient basis: serum osmolarity; serum sodium, potassium, calcium,

The test with the restriction of liquids allows you to establish the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus and to conduct a differential diagnosis between nephrogenic and central non-diabetes mellitus. The principle of this test is that

Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain is essential in the diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus. Normally, the neurohypophysis is a region of bright glow in T1-weighted images. A bright spot of the neurohypophysis is absent

It is recommended to prescribe Minirin (0.1 mg / 0.2 mg) in tablets 30-40 minutes before a meal or 2 hours after a meal. Adequate dose of Minirin is selected mainly during the first 3-4 days

Arterial hypertension occurs in more than 50% of patients with diabetes mellitus, primarily type 2 diabetes, and is a risk factor for developing coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac rhythm disturbances, and cardiovascular failure.

early cardiovascular disease. It is believed that it is visceral obesity that is especially dangerous for the occurrence of the above conditions. Although body mass index (BMI) is a relatively reliable criterion for determining the magnitude of

In type 1 diabetes, an increase in blood pressure usually develops after 10–15 years from the onset of the disease and is usually caused by diabetic nephropathy, and only in a small percentage of cases

In type 2 diabetes mellitus, an 80% increase in blood pressure has a longer history that is not directly associated with diabetes, and is often caused by essential hypertension. Arterial hypertension in type 2 DM